A chemistry platform built for precision optics

Four PFAS-free chemistry families spanning the widest refractive index range available from a single supplier globally. From RI 1.16 to 2.00.

1.16–2.00Refractive index range
30%Of corporate budget on R&D
500k kgAS hardcoat supplied over 4 years

One coating platform. Multiple surface functions. Faster development.

Most coating projects require 3-5 suppliers to cover the full range of surface functions. Kriya delivers anti-reflection, hardness, anti-static, anti-fouling, NIR blocking, and UV protection from a single PFAS-free platform — one qualification, one supply chain.

The full refractive index spectrum

1.161.401.551.701.852.00
Solvent sol-gel (1.16–2.00)
100% solids UV-curable (1.34–1.65)
Solvent UV-curable hybrids (1.30–1.95)
Thermal-curable latex (1.36–1.50)

Nanoparticle science

Every coating in the Kriya platform derives its refractive index from engineered nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix. Particle chemistry, size, morphology, and volume fraction determine the optical, mechanical, and functional properties of the final film.

Hollow SiO₂

SiO₂ (hollow)
RI
1.16–1.48
Size
30–80 nm range
Synthesis
Key advantage
Used to make coatings in range of RI 1.16–1.48

Titania

TiO₂
RI
1.60–2.00
Size
Typically below 50 nm
Synthesis
Key advantage
Widest HRI range for visible-transparent coatings; NIL-compatible

Antimony tin oxide

Sb:SnO₂ (ATO)
RI
N/A (functional particle)
Size
8–20 nm
Synthesis
Key advantage
NIR absorption; anti-static; 5G/RF-transparent

Tin oxide

SnO₂
RI
1.50–1.67 in coatings
Size
Typically below 50 nm
Synthesis
Sol-gel / hydrothermal
Key advantage
Electrical conductivity combined with optical transparency; medium RI tuneable

Magnetite

Fe₃O₄
RI
N/A (non-optical)
Size
>100 nm
Synthesis
Key advantage
Non-optical, ferromagnetic, >100 nm

Optical properties engineering

RI engineering via particle loading

By selecting particle chemistry (TiO₂ at n=2.4 vs SiO₂ at n=1.46) and controlling volume fraction from 5% to 55%, the full RI range 1.16–2.00 is accessible.

Optical dispersion

Refractive index is not constant across the visible spectrum. All dielectric materials show normal dispersion (RI decreases with increasing wavelength). This is modelled by the Cauchy equation:

n(λ) = A + B/λ² + C/λ⁴

λ in μm. Example: BK7 glass A=1.5046, B=0.00420

Dispersion matters for anti-reflective coating design: a quarter-wave stack optimised at 550 nm will have different reflectance at 400 nm and 700 nm.

Multi-functionality in a single layer

By combining particle types within a single binder system, one coating layer can deliver multiple functions simultaneously: optical (RI control), mechanical (hardness), anti-fouling (surface energy), and electrostatic dissipation (conductive oxide particles).

Mechanical properties

Pencil hardness by chemistry

ChemistryPencil hardnessFold cyclesAdhesion
Siloxane hybrid HC2H–7H*200,000100%
Sol-gel (thermal cure)5H–9HLimited100%
UV-curable 100% solids2H–7H100,000+100%
Thermal latexHB–2H500,000+100%

* Substrate and coating thickness dependent

Fold endurance mechanism

Foldable display coatings require a paradox: the coating must be hard enough to resist scratching (pencil hardness 3H+) yet flexible enough to survive 200,000 fold cycles at a 1 mm radius.

  • Inorganic backbone (Si–O–Si network) provides hardness and scratch resistance
  • Organic bridges (flexible alkylene segments) provide chain mobility under bending
  • Nanoparticle reinforcement (nano-scale particles distribute stress uniformly)

Adhesion engineering

Adhesion to polymer substrates (PET, PC, PMMA, TAC, CPI) is achieved through chemical bonding at the interface. All Kriya coatings pass 100% crosshatch adhesion per ISO 2409 on target substrates.

Physical properties

Hydrophobicity without PFAS

Traditional anti-smudge coatings rely on perfluorinated compounds (PFAS) for low surface energy. Kriya achieves water contact angles >100° through an alternative mechanism.

Electrostatic dissipation

Conductive oxide nanoparticles create percolating networks within the coating matrix, enabling controlled surface resistivity.

NIR blocking (solar heat control)

ATO nanoparticles absorb near-infrared radiation (780–2500 nm) through d-d electronic transitions. Interior temperature reduction: 9 °C. AC power savings: 35%.

UV protection

TiO₂ nanoparticles provide UV absorption via their semiconductor band gap. Coatings block >99% of UV-B and >95% of UV-A.

Manufacturing process

From molecular precursors to qualified coating batches: a controlled process at every stage.

Simplified process flow

PrecursorsolutionNanoparticleformationDispersionstabilisationFormulation& QCCoatingapplication

Four chemistry families

Solvent sol-gel

1.16–2.00

Widest RI span. Optional low-outgassing grades for vacuum-adjacent processes.

Cure type
Thermal (200–700 °C)
Processing
Spin, dip, roll, spray
Key applications
Display AR stacks, automotive optics, metalenses, photonics

100% solids UV-curable

1.34–1.65

Zero solvent eliminates evaporation artifacts. Critical for NIL fidelity.

Cure type
UV cure (solvent-free)
Processing
R2R, NIL, screen printing
Key applications
Waveguide gratings, metalens structures, optical films

Solvent UV-curable hybrids

1.30–1.95

The workhorse for multi-layer optical stacks. LRI down to 1.30 enables broadband AR below 0.15% reflection.

Cure type
UV cure (solvent-based)
Processing
Gravure, slot die, dip, float, spin
Key applications
Multi-layer AR, polarizer ULR, display hardcoats

Thermal-curable latex

1.36–1.50

Water-borne. Simplifies environmental compliance. Coats heat-sensitive substrates.

Cure type
Thermal (low temperature)
Processing
Nearly any known application method
Key applications
Flexible substrates, general-purpose functional coatings

PFAS-free across the full range

Since ECHA proposed a universal PFAS restriction, the coatings industry has faced a structural challenge: low-refractive-index coatings historically depended on fluorinated polymers.

Twenty years of materials innovation

2004

Nanoparticle technology spun out from Philips Research

2006

Kriya Materials founded on Chemelot, Geleen — from nanoparticles to plug-and-play coatings

2008

First OEM customer — a major Korean display manufacturer

2009

500,000 kg antistatic hardcoat program (4 years) for a major Korean display OEM

2010

Single global supplier of antistatic colour-filter coating for PDP

2013

Launch HRI/LRI nanoparticles enhancing OLED

2017

Shift Invest and Chemelot Ventures invest

2018

Henkel strategic investment

2019

Mass-scaled multi-functional AR coatings

2022

Holland Capital joins as lead investor. Move to expanded facility in Nuth

2025

Launch 100% PFAS-free LRI down to RI 1.16; 100% solids LRI (RI 1.37–1.41)

2026

XR, metalenses, and photonics systems; 100% solids roadmap to <1.37 and >1.60 RI

Technology evolution: from single-function to integrated systems

Two decades of materials development have followed a clear evolutionary arc — each phase building on the previous to deliver increasingly complex optical functionality from fewer process steps.

Phase 12006–2014

Single-function coatings

Individual coatings performing one optical or mechanical function.

Phase 22014–2020

Multi-functional coatings

Multiple functions combined in single layers.

Phase 32020–present

Integrated material systems

Complete optical architectures from a single platform.

Validated performance on glass substrates

Beyond polymer films, Kriya coatings perform on glass substrates at demanding cure temperatures — enabling applications in architectural glazing, automotive optics, and display glass.

Thermal HRI on display glass

Refractive index1.85
Pencil hardness8H
Haze (optimised, 200 °C cure)0.49%
Adhesion (ASTM D3359)100%
Cure temperature range130–200 °C

LRI on glass for light guiding

Transmission (uncoated)89.9%
Transmission (coated)93.8%
Absolute gain+3.9%
Tempering survival630 °C (250 s + rapid cool)
Light guiding gain2.5–4.5x luminance improvement

Design your coating stack

Use the Coating Stack Designer to simulate multi-layer AR performance with real Transfer Matrix Method physics, or explore the full RI platform interactively.

Open Stack Designer